James Horseman

Discover how NodeZero's autonomous RAT operates, why credentials dominate post-exploitation, and what it means for your cyber defense.

Update: 2024-09-16 We initially wrote this post in reference to CVE-2024-29847, however this post actually describes CVE-2023-28324. We had incorrectly assumed that the SU5 update was comprehensive which resulted in us mistaking CVE-2023-28324 for CVE-2024-29847. The content of this blog has been updated accordingly. Introduction Ivanti Endpoint Manager (EPM) is an enterprise endpoint management solution…

Introduction Ivanti Endpoint Manager (EPM) is an enterprise endpoint management solution that allows for centralized management of devices within an organization. On May 24, 2024, ZDI and Ivanti released an advisory describing a SQL injection resulting in remote code execution with a CVSS score of 9.8. In this post we will detail the internal workings…

Introduction In a recent PSIRT, Fortinet acknowledged CVE-2023-48788 - a SQL injection in FortiClient EMS that can lead to remote code execution. FortiClient EMS is an endpoint management solution for enterprises that provides a central location for administering enrolled endpoints. This SQL injection vulnerability is caused by user controlled strings that are passed directly into…

Introduction On February 19, 2023, ConnectWise published a security advisory for their ScreenConnect remote management tool. In the advisory, they describe two vulnerabilities, an authentication bypass with CVSS 10.0 and a path traversal with CVSS 8.4 (both currently without assigned CVE IDs). In this post we will dive into the technical details of the authentication bypass.…

Introduction This post is a follow up to https://horizon3.ai/attack-research/attack-blogs/cisco-ios-xe-cve-2023-20198-theory-crafting/. Previously, we explored the patch for CVE-2023-20273 and CVE-2023-20198 affecting Cisco IOS XE and identified some likely vectors an attacker might have used to exploit these vulnerabilities. Now, thanks to SECUINFRA FALCON TEAM's honeypot, we have further insight into these vulnerabilities. POC See below for an…

Introduction There has been a lot of news around the recent Cisco IOS XE vulnerabilities CVE-2023-20198 and CVE-2023-2073. Information about this vulnerability was first published by Cisco on October 16th, 2023, and since then we have seen evidence of mass exploitation and implantation. In this post we share our technical insights so far into these…

Introduction This report is a follow up to https://horizon3.ai/vmware-vrealize-log-insight-vmsa-2023-0001-technical-deep-dive/. Earlier this year we reported the technical details for VMSA-2023-0001 affecting VMware Aria Operations for Logs (formerly VMware vRealize Log Insight). In that report, we showed how an attacker could use three different CVEs to achieve remote code execution. During the course of that investigation, we…

Introduction Ivanti has recently published an advisory for CVE-2023-38035. The vulnerability has been added to CISA KEV and is described as an authentication bypass in the Ivanti Sentry administrator interface. This new vulnerability comes on the heels of an in-the-wild-exploited vulnerability in Ivanti EPMM (CVE-2023-35078). In this post we will take a deep dive into…

Introduction In December 2022, we competed at our first pwn2own. We were able to successfully exploit the Lexmark MC3224i using a command injection 0-day. This post will detail the process we used to discover, weaponize, and have some fun with this vulnerability. You can find our POC here. Printer Acquisition It was rather difficult to…